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ANNEX I

MODULE FOR AIR EMISSIONS ACCOUNTS

Section 1

OBJECTIVES

Air emissions accounts record and present data on air emissions in a way that is compatible with the system of national accounts. They record national economies’ emissions to air in a breakdown by emitting economic activity as delineated in ►M3  ESA 2010 ◄ . Economic activities comprise production and consumption.

This Annex defines the data to be collected, compiled, transmitted and evaluated for air emissions accounts by the Member States. Those data will be developed in a way that links emissions to economic production and consumption activities by industries and households. The direct emissions data reported under this Regulation will be combined with the economic input-output tables, supply and use tables and household consumption data that are already reported to the Commission (Eurostat) as part of ►M3  ESA 2010 ◄ reporting.

Section 2

COVERAGE

Air emissions accounts have the same system boundaries as ►M3  ESA 2010 ◄ and are also based on the residence principle.

In accordance with ►M3  ESA 2010 ◄ , the concept of residence is based on the following principle: a unit is said to be a resident unit of a country when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of that country, that is, when it engages for an extended period (1 year or more) in economic activities in that territory.

Air emissions accounts record emissions arising from the activities of all resident units, regardless of where these emissions actually occur geographically.

Air emissions accounts record the flows of residual gaseous and particulate materials originating from the national economy and flowing into the atmosphere. For the purpose of this Regulation, the term ‘atmosphere’ refers to a component of the environmental system. The system boundary relates to the borderline between the national economy (as part of the economic system) and the atmosphere (as part of the environmental system). After having crossed the system boundary, the emitted substances are out of any human control and become part of natural materials cycles and may induce several types of environmental impacts.

▼M2

Section 3

LIST OF CHARACTERISTICS

Member States shall produce statistics on the emissions of the following air pollutants:

All data shall be reported to one decimal place.

▼B

Section 4

FIRST REFERENCE YEAR, FREQUENCY AND TRANSMISSION DEADLINES

▼M2

Section 5

REPORTING TABLES

Air emissions by industry – NACE Rev. 2 (A*64)

Household air emissions

Bridging items

Total air emission accounts (production activities + households) for each of the characteristics referred to in Section 3

Less national residents abroad

Plus non-residents on the territory

▼B

Section 6

MAXIMUM DURATION OF THE TRANSITIONAL PERIODS

For the implementation of the provisions of this Annex, the maximum duration of the transitional period is 2 years, from the first transmission deadline.

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ANNEX II

MODULE FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY RELATED TAXES BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

Section 1

OBJECTIVES

Statistics on environmentally related taxes record and present data seen from the perspective of the entities paying the taxes in a way that is fully compatible with the data reported under ►M3  ESA 2010 ◄ . They record national economies’ environmentally related tax revenues according to economic activity. Economic activities comprise production and consumption.

This Annex defines the data to be collected, compiled, transmitted and evaluated for environmentally related tax revenues by economic activity by the Member States.

The environmentally related tax statistics can make use of the tax statistics and government finance statistics directly, but there are some advantages in using the tax data reported under ►M3  ESA 2010 ◄ if this is possible.

The environmentally related tax statistics are based on the amounts evidenced by assessments and declarations or time-adjusted cash receipts, to ensure consistency with ►M3  ESA 2010 ◄ and improve international comparability.

The ►M3  ESA 2010 ◄ also contains information about which industries and sectors are paying the taxes. Information on taxes reported under ►M3  ESA 2010 ◄ can be found in the institutional sector accounts and supply and use tables.

Section 2

COVERAGE

Environmentally related taxes have the same system boundaries as ►M3  ESA 2010 ◄ and consist of compulsory, unrequited payments, in cash or in kind, which are levied by general government or by the institutions of the Union.

Environmentally related taxes fall within the following ►M3  ESA 2010 ◄ categories:

▼M2

Section 3

LIST OF CHARACTERISTICS

Member States shall produce statistics on environmentally related taxes according to the following characteristics:

Member States shall also report, as a distinct characteristic, government tax revenue recorded in the European System of Accounts in relation to their participation in the EU Emissions Trading System.

Member States shall also report, as a distinct characteristic, other environmentally related taxes which have been included in total energy, transport, pollution or resource taxes and are levied on carbon content of fuels (other CO2 taxes).

All data shall be reported in million national currency.

Section 4

FIRST REFERENCE YEAR, FREQUENCY AND TRANSMISSION DEADLINES

▼B

Section 5

REPORTING TABLES

For each of the characteristics referred to in Section 3, data shall be reported from the perspective of the entities paying the taxes.

For producers, data shall be reported on a breakdown by hierarchical classification of economic activities, NACE Rev.2 (A*64 aggregation level as set out in ►M3  ESA 2010 ◄ ).

For consumers, data shall be reported for:

Where the tax cannot be attributed to one of the above groupings of activities, the data shall be reported as not allocated.

Section 6

MAXIMUM DURATION OF THE TRANSITIONAL PERIODS

For the implementation of the provisions of this Annex, the maximum duration of the transitional period is 2 years, from the first transmission deadline.

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ANNEX III

MODULE FOR ECONOMY-WIDE MATERIAL FLOW ACCOUNTS (EW-MFA)

Section 1

OBJECTIVES

EW-MFA covers all solid, gaseous, and liquid materials, except for flows of air and water, measured in mass units per year. Like the system of national accounts, EW-MFA serves two major purposes. The detailed material flows provide a rich empirical database for numerous analytical studies. They are also used to compile different economy-wide material flow indicators for national economies.

This Annex defines the data to be collected, compiled, transmitted and evaluated for EW-MFA by the Member States.

Section 2

COVERAGE

The distinction between stocks and flows is a fundamental principle of a material flow system. In general, a flow is a variable that measures a quantity per time period, whereas a stock is a variable that measures a quantity at a certain point in time. EW-MFA is a flow concept. It measures the flows of material inputs, outputs and stock changes within the economy in mass units per year.

EW-MFA is coherent with the principles of the system of national accounts, such as the residence principle. It accounts for material flows associated with the activities of all resident units of a national economy regardless of their geographic location.

In EW-MFA, there are two types of material flows across system boundaries that are relevant:

All flows that cross these system boundaries are included in EW-MFA, as well as the additions to the man-made stocks. All other material flows within the economy are not represented in EW-MFA. This means that the national economy is treated in its entirety in EW-MFA and e.g. inter-industry deliveries of products are not described. Natural flows within the natural environment are likewise excluded.

Section 3

LIST OF CHARACTERISTICS

Member States shall produce statistics on the characteristics listed in Section 5 for EW-MFA where applicable.

▼M2

Section 4

FIRST REFERENCE YEAR, FREQUENCY AND TRANSMISSION DEADLINES

Section 5

REPORTING TABLES

Data, expressed in mass units, shall be produced for the characteristics listed in the following tables.

Table A – Domestic extraction

Tables B (Imports – Total trade) and D (Exports – Total trade)

▼B

Section 6

MAXIMUM DURATION OF THE TRANSITIONAL PERIODS

For the implementation of the provisions of this Annex the maximum duration of the transitional period is 2 years, from the first transmission deadline.

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ANNEX IV

MODULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EXPENDITURE ACCOUNTS

Section 1

OBJECTIVES

Environmental protection expenditure accounts present data, in a way that is compatible with the data reported under ESA, on the expenditure for environmental protection, i.e. the economic resources devoted by resident units to environmental protection. Such accounts allow for the compiling of national expenditure for environmental protection which is defined as the sum of uses of environmental protection services by resident units, gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) for environmental protection activities, and transfers for environmental protection which are not a counterpart of previous items, less financing by the rest of the world.

The environmental protection expenditure accounts should make use of the already existing information from the national accounts (production and generation of income accounts; GFCF by NACE, supply and use tables; data based on the classification of functions of government), structural business statistics, business register and other sources.

This Annex defines the data to be collected, compiled, transmitted and evaluated for the purposes of environmental protection expenditure accounts by the Member States.

Section 2

COVERAGE

Environmental protection expenditure accounts have the same system boundaries as ESA and show environmental protection expenditure for principal, secondary and ancillary activities. The following sectors are covered:

▼M2

Section 3

LIST OF CHARACTERISTICS

Member States shall produce environmental protection expenditure accounts according to the following characteristics which are defined in accordance with ESA:

▼M3 —————

▼M2

All data shall be reported in million national currency.

Section 4

FIRST REFERENCE YEAR, FREQUENCY AND TRANSMISSION DEADLINES

Section 5

REPORTING TABLES

Member States where the total amount of the turnover or the number of persons employed in one or more of these NACE breakdowns represents less than 1 % of the Union total do not need to provide data for those NACE breakdowns.

▼M1

Section 6

MAXIMUM DURATION OF THE TRANSITIONAL PERIODS

For the implementation of the provisions of this Annex, the maximum duration of the transitional period is 2 years from the first transmission deadline.

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ANNEX V

MODULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL GOODS AND SERVICES SECTOR ACCOUNTS

Section 1

OBJECTIVES

Statistics on environmental goods and services record and present data on national economy production activities that generate environmental products in a way that is compatible with the data reported under ESA.

The environmental goods and services sector accounts should make use of the already existing information from the national accounts, structural business statistics, business register and other sources.

This Annex defines the data to be collected, compiled, transmitted and evaluated for environmental goods and services accounts, by the Member States.

Section 2

COVERAGE

The environmental goods and services sector has the same system boundaries as ESA and consists of all environmental goods and services that are created within the production boundary. ESA defines production as the activity carried out under the control and responsibility of an institutional unit that uses inputs of labour, capital and goods and services to produce goods and services.

Environmental goods and services fall within the following categories: environmental specific services, environmental sole purpose products (connected products), adapted goods and environmental technologies.

▼M2

Section 3

LIST OF CHARACTERISTICS

Member States shall produce statistics on the environmental goods and services sector according to the following characteristics:

All data shall be reported in million national currency, except for the characteristic ‘employment’ for which the reporting unit shall be ‘full time equivalent’.

Section 4

FIRST REFERENCE YEAR, FREQUENCY AND TRANSMISSION DEADLINES

Section 5

REPORTING TABLES

▼M1

Section 6

MAXIMUM DURATION OF THE TRANSITIONAL PERIODS

For the implementation of the provisions of this Annex, the maximum duration of the transitional period is 2 years from the first transmission deadline.

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ANNEX VI

MODULE FOR PHYSICAL ENERGY FLOW ACCOUNTS

Section 1

OBJECTIVES

Physical energy flow accounts present data on the physical flows of energy expressed in terajoules in a way that is fully compatible with the ESA. Physical energy flow accounts record energy data in relation to the economic activities of resident units of national economies in a breakdown by economic activity. They present the supply and use of natural energy inputs, energy products and energy residuals. Economic activities comprise production, consumption, and accumulation.

This Annex defines the data to be collected, compiled, transmitted and evaluated for physical energy flow accounts by the Member States.

Section 2

COVERAGE

Physical energy flow accounts have the same system boundaries as ESA and are also based on the residence principle.

In accordance with ESA, a unit is said to be a resident unit of a country when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of that country, that is, when it engages for an extended period (1 year or more) in economic activities in that territory.

Physical energy flow accounts record physical energy flows arising from the activities of all resident units, regardless of where these flows actually occur geographically.

Physical energy flow accounts record the physical flows of energy from the environment to the economy, within the economy, and from the economy back to the environment.

Section 3

LIST OF CHARACTERISTICS

Member States shall produce physical energy flow accounts according to the following characteristics:

All data shall be reported in terajoules.

Section 4

FIRST REFERENCE YEAR, FREQUENCY AND TRANSMISSION DEADLINES

Section 5

REPORTING TABLES

total energy use by resident units:

Section 6

MAXIMUM DURATION OF THE TRANSITIONAL PERIODS

For the implementation of the provisions of this Annex, the maximum duration of the transitional period is 2 years from the first transmission deadline.

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ANNEX VII

MODULE FOR FOREST ACCOUNTS

Section 1

OBJECTIVES

Forest accounts record and present data on forest resources and economic activity in the forestry and logging industry in a way that is fully compatible with the data reported under the ESA 2010. Forest accounts provide complementary information and use concepts adapted to the particular nature of forests and of the forestry and logging industry.

This Annex defines the data to be collected, compiled, transmitted and evaluated for forest accounts by Member States.

Section 2

COVERAGE

Forest accounts record the stocks and flows of forest resources (wooded land and timber) and economic activity in the forestry and logging industry, including production of roundwood and the extraction and gathering of wild growing non-wood forest products.

Section 3

LIST OF CHARACTERISTICS

Member States shall produce forest accounts according to the characteristics described in this Section.

‘Forest’ is defined as land spanning more than 0,5 hectares with trees higher than five metres and a canopy cover of more than 10 % or trees able to reach those thresholds in situ. It does not include land that is predominantly under agricultural land use or trees in urban settings, such as city parks, alleys and gardens.

‘Other wooded land’ is defined as land not classified as forest, spanning more than 0,5  hectares; with trees higher than five metres and a canopy cover of 5 to 10 % or trees able to reach those thresholds in situ; or with a combined cover of shrubs, bushes and trees greater than 10 %. It does not include land that is predominantly under agricultural land use or trees in urban settings, such as city parks, alleys and gardens.

‘Net annual increment of timber’ is defined as the average annual volume growth of live trees less the average annual mortality.

‘Removals’ are defined as the volume of all trees, living or dead, that are felled and removed from the forest, other wooded land or other felling sites. It includes unsold roundwood stored at the forest roadside. It also includes natural losses that are recovered, removals during the year of wood felled in an earlier period, removals of non-stem wood (such as stumps and branches), and removal of trees killed or damaged by natural causes (known as natural losses), e.g. fire, wind, insects and diseases. It does not include non-woody biomass or any wood that is left in the forest and not removed during the year, e.g. stumps, branches, tree tops and felling residues (harvesting waste).

‘Irretrievable losses’ are defined as felling residues and all fellings from windthrow that cannot be removed from the forest, and timber lost through forest fires.

The following characteristics, using the ESA 2010 definitions, shall be reported:

Member States shall report employment in the forestry and logging industry in thousand annual work units (AWUs) as defined in Regulation (EC) No 138/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 6 ).

Section 4

FIRST REFERENCE YEAR, FREQUENCY AND TRANSMISSION DEADLINES

Section 5

REPORTING TABLES

For the characteristics laid down in Section 3, the following data shall be reported:

Section 6

MAXIMUM DURATION OF THE TRANSITIONAL PERIODS

For the implementation of the provisions of this Annex, the maximum duration of the transitional period is 2 years from the first transmission deadline.

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ANNEX VIII

MODULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUBSIDIES AND SIMILAR TRANSFERS ACCOUNTS

Section 1

OBJECTIVES

Environmental subsidies and similar transfers accounts collect and present data on current and capital transfers intended to support activities that protect the environment and natural resources, including the production and use of environmental products, in a way that is compatible with the concepts and definitions of the ESA 2010.

This Annex defines the data to be collected, compiled, transmitted and evaluated for environmental subsidies and similar transfers accounts by the Member States. Those data are also used for compiling national environmental protection expenditure as set out in Annex IV.

Section 2

COVERAGE

The environmental subsidies and similar transfers accounts record unrequited payments from the general government to institutional sectors (within the domestic economy and to the rest of the world) and from non-residents (rest of the world), for the purpose of protecting the environment or reducing the use and extraction of natural resources.

Section 3

LIST OF CHARACTERISTICS

Member States shall produce environmental subsidies and similar transfers accounts according to the following characteristics:

All data shall be reported in million national currency.

Section 4

FIRST REFERENCE YEAR, FREQUENCY AND TRANSMISSION DEADLINES

Section 5

REPORTING TABLES

Section 6

MAXIMUM DURATION OF THE TRANSITIONAL PERIODS

For the implementation of the provisions of this Annex, the maximum duration of the transitional period is 2 years from the first transmission deadline.

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ANNEX IX

MODULE FOR ECOSYSTEM ACCOUNTS

Section 1

OBJECTIVES

Ecosystem accounts present data on the extent and condition of ecosystem assets and the services they provide to society and the economy. The data are in line with the SEEA EA and compatible with the data reported under the ESA 2010.

Ecosystem accounts use existing information, where possible, including from Earth observation, environmental reporting and other data sources.

Section 2

COVERAGE

Ecosystem accounts record the extent of ecosystems, the condition of ecosystems, and the flows of ecosystem services.

Ecosystem extent is the size of ecosystems in an area. Ecosystem extent accounts cover terrestrial (including freshwater) and marine ecosystems on the national territory.

Ecosystem condition is the quality of an ecosystem measured in terms of its abiotic, biotic and landscape characteristics, by ecosystem types.

Ecosystem services are the benefits ecosystems provide to economic and other human activities. They include (i) provisioning, (ii) regulating and maintenance, and (iii) cultural services. Ecosystem services accounts record the actual supply and use of ecosystem services provided by the ecosystems in the national territory.

Thematic accounts are accounts that organise data according to specific policy themes such as biodiversity, climate change, oceans and urban areas.

Section 3

LIST OF CHARACTERISTICS

Member States shall produce ecosystem accounts according to the following characteristics:

Section 4

FIRST REFERENCE YEAR, FREQUENCY AND TRANSMISSION DEADLINES

Section 5

REPORTING TABLES

The conversion matrix shall report conversions between all ecosystem types referred to in Section 3 between the previous and current reference year.

Section 6

MAXIMUM DURATION OF THE TRANSITIONAL PERIODS

For the implementation of the provisions of this Annex, the maximum duration of the transitional period is 2 years from the first transmission deadline.